RESUMO
Objetivo: analizar cómo los trabajadores de enfermería de unidades hospitalarias de COVID-19 perciben las repercusiones físicas y psicológicas del trabajo sobre su salud, e identificar los factores asociados a la percepción. Método: estudio de métodos mixtos de convergencia paralela realizado con 359 trabajadores de enfermería de unidades de COVID-19 en siete hospitales. Para la recolección de datos cuantitativos se utilizó un cuestionario que contiene variables sociodemográficas, laborales y relacionadas con la percepción de repercusiones físicas y psicológicas, y para los datos cualitativos se utilizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas. Para el análisis se utilizó estadística inferencial y análisis de contenido temático Resultados: os trabajadores diurnos, que tenían más de un trabajo y trabajaban más de 41 horas/semana, percibieron las repercusiones físicas como más moderadas/intensas, debido a la sobrecarga y falta de días libres. Los enfermeros CLT percibieron repercusiones psicológicas más moderadas/intensas, y las atribuyeron a la sobrecarga gerencial y la insatisfacción laboral. Las mujeres tenían 97% más probabilidades de percibir repercusiones físicas y tres veces más probabilidades de percibir repercusiones psicológicas, en comparación con los hombres, en referencia a la sobrecarga doméstica y familiar. Conclusión: las sobrecargas laborales y familiares, intensificadas por la pandemia, se asociaron con la intensidad con la que los trabajadores de enfermería percibieron las repercusiones físicas y psíquicas.
Objective: to analyze how Nursing workers in COVID-19 hospital units perceive the physical and psychological repercussions of work on their health, as well as to identify the factors associated with their perceptions. Method: a parallel-convergent mixedmethods study conducted with 359 Nursing workers from COVID-19 units in seven hospitals. For the collection of quantitative data, a questionnaire containing sociodemographic and labor variables and related to perceptions of physical and psychological repercussions were used, and for qualitative data, semi-structured interviews were used. For the analysis, inferential statistics and thematic content analysis were used. Results: daytime workers, who had more than one employment contract and worked more than 41 hours/week perceived more moderate/intense physical repercussions, reporting overload and time off deficits. Nurses and CLT workers perceived psychological repercussions more moderately/intensely, mentioning managerial overload and job dissatisfaction. Women were 97% more likely to perceive physical repercussions and three times more likely to perceive psychological repercussions when compared to men, reporting household and family overloads. Conclusion: work and family overloads, intensified by the pandemic context, were associated with the intensity with which Nursing workers perceived physical and psychological repercussions.
Objetivo: analisar como os trabalhadores de enfermagem de unidades hospitalares COVID-19 percebem as repercussões físicas e psicológicas do trabalho em sua saúde e os fatores associados à sua percepção. Método: estudo de métodos mistos paralelo-convergente realizado com 359 trabalhadores lotados em unidades COVID-19 de sete hospitais. Para a coleta de dados quantitativos foram utilizados um questionário contendo variáveis sociodemográficas, laborais e relacionadas às percepções de repercussões físicas e psicológicas e, para a qualitativa, entrevistas semiestruturadas. Para a análise utilizou-se estatística inferencial e análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: trabalhadores diurnos, que tinham mais de um vínculo empregatício e trabalhavam mais de 41 horas/semana perceberam as repercussões físicas como mais moderadas/intensas, devido à sobrecarga e déficit de folgas. Enfermeiros e celetistas perceberam as repercussões psicológicas mais moderadas/intensas, atribuindo-as à sobrecarga gerencial e insatisfação trabalhista. Mulheres apresentaram 97% mais chance de perceberem repercussões físicas e três vezes mais chance de perceberem repercussões psicológicas, quando comparadas aos homens, referindo sobrecarga doméstica e familiar. Conclusão: sobrecargas laborais e familiares, intensificadas pelo contexto pandêmico, foram associadas à intensidade com a qual os trabalhadores da enfermagem perceberam repercussões físicas e psicológicas.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Emprego , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Satisfação no Emprego , Recursos Humanos de EnfermagemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to analyze how Nursing workers in COVID-19 hospital units perceive the physical and psychological repercussions of work on their health, as well as to identify the factors associated with their perceptions. METHOD: a parallel-convergent mixedmethods study conducted with 359 Nursing workers from COVID-19 units in seven hospitals. For the collection of quantitative data, a questionnaire containing sociodemographic and labor variables and related to perceptions of physical and psychological repercussions were used, and for qualitative data, semi-structured interviews were used. For the analysis, inferential statistics and thematic content analysis were used. RESULTS: daytime workers, who had more than one employment contract and worked more than 41 hours/week perceived more moderate/intense physical repercussions, reporting overload and time off deficits. Nurses and CLT workers perceived psychological repercussions more moderately/intensely, mentioning managerial overload and job dissatisfaction. Women were 97% more likely to perceive physical repercussions and three times more likely to perceive psychological repercussions when compared to men, reporting household and family overloads. CONCLUSION: work and family overloads, intensified by the pandemic context, were associated with the intensity with which Nursing workers perceived physical and psychological repercussions.
